Where To Start
Finding the right agent
You want to find the right home, in the right location, at the right price - and you want to do it quickly, with minimum hassle. The best way to do that is to work with a professional realtor who understands your wants and needs, your time frame and your financial boundaries.
Why work with an agent?
• You'll save time. An agent can pinpoint homes that fit your needs and dismiss those that don't.
• You benefit from an experienced negotiator. Your agent will manage your offers and counter-offers, ensuring that you get the best possible price for your home.
• You'll get the right information. Your agent knows the neighbourhood and can give you accurate information on local real estate values, taxes, utility costs, services and amenities.
• You can always count on great advice. Because your agent is familiar with the entire home purchasing process, he or she can advise you of your legal and financial options, and recommend appraisal, home inspection and contracting services.
Choose an agent who understands your needs
Here are a few questions to ask to help you determine if an agent is right for you:
• Will you be representing my interests?
• Do you have access to MLS information?
• Will you provide market evidence to support the price?
• Will you look after closing and possession details?
• Can you be contacted at any time?
The elements of an offer
Here's a quick reference to everything you need to know about making an on offer on a property.
1. Price
Depends on the market and the buyers, but generally, the price offered is different from the asking price.
2. Deposit
Shows the buyer's good faith and will be applied against the purchase price of the home when the sale closes. Your agent can advise you on a suitable amount to offer.
3. Terms
Includes the total price the buyer is offering as well as the financing details. The buyer may be arranging his/her own financing or may ask to assume your existing mortgage if you have an attractive rate.
4. Conditions
These might include "subject to home inspection," "subject to the buyer obtaining financing," or "subject to the sale of the purchaser's property."
5. Inclusions and exclusions
These may include appliances and certain fixtures or decorative items, such as window coverings or light fixtures.
6. Closing or possession date
Generally, the day the title of the property is transferred to the buyer and funds are received by the seller, unless otherwise specified (except in Manitoba and Quebec).
Qualifying for a mortgage
Your Royal LePage agent can arrange to have you pre-qualified for a mortgage before you start shopping for a home. It's easy, and you'll avoid possible disappointments down the road if you fall in love with a place, then find out you can't afford it. Plus, once you do find the perfect home, it will mean you can make an offer immediately.
Here's how mortgage approval works: the amount of money you qualify for, plus the amount of cash you can put down equals the amount you can afford to spend on a home. Most lending institutions won't allow more than about 30% of your income to support a mortgage. If you have other debts, they usually won't allow your debts and your mortgage to exceed 40% of your income.
Finalizing your mortgage
Once you've found the home you want to buy, you'll need to finalize your financing. You'll need to provide your lender with the following documents:
1. A copy of the real estate listing of the property. If the home is still to be built, the mortgage lender will need to see the architect's or builder's plans and details on lot size and location.
2. A copy of the offer to purchase or the building contract, if this document has been prepared.
3. Documents to confirm employment, income and source of pre-approval.
4. If you have a pre-approved mortgage, it's a simple matter of finalizing a few details with your mortgage specialist.
Protect yourself with a home inspection
That gorgeous house on the corner lot may look great, but it could be hiding all sorts of expensive, annoying problems, from a leaky roof to faulty wiring to a mouldy basement.
Make sure your home is solid and secure inside and out before you buy it. A home inspector will determine structural and mechanical soundness, identify problem areas, provide cost estimates for any work required, and generate a report. It's a great way to avoid headaches and costly problems that can turn a dream home into a money pit.
If you decide to go ahead and buy a home with issues that have been flagged by your inspector, you can base your offer on how much potential repairs and upgrades may cost.
Home inspection costs range according to size, age and location of the home. Your Royal LePage sales representative can recommend a reputable home inspection service or arrange for an inspector to visit your property.
8 things to look for when you buy
When you fall in love with a home, the things you like about it can blind you to its problems. Next time you go to an open house or tour a property with an agent, keep your eyes open with these top tips:
1. Take a look at general upkeep. Is it clean? Are lawns left uncut? Do walls need paint? If the small stuff hasn't been taken care of, there's a good chance that bigger issues have been ignored as well.
2. Test it. Try out lights, faucets, toilets, air conditioning and major appliances.
3. Check for water damage. Look at ceilings and drywall for stains and bulges. Water that works its way in through a leaky roof or a cracked foundation can rot wood, create mildew and destroy possessions.
4. Watch for "spongy" floors. Take note of soft, springy sections, squeaky or uneven areas - these can be a sign that costly floor repairs are needed.
5. Check doors and windows. Make sure they fit snugly in their jambs and operate smoothly. Feel for drafts. Look for flaked paint and loose caulking - if wood isn't protected from moisture, it will rot.
6. Look at the foundation. If you see deep cracks or loose mortar and bricks, there may be a significant structural problem. Soggy areas near the foundation are also a warning sign.
7. Make sure there's enough storage space. If you are moving from a home with large closets and a shed, make sure your new house is able to store an equivalent amount of belongings.
8. Measure. Make sure your furniture will fit into your new house.
These tips are for your own first (or second) look at a home. For true peace of mind, you should always hire a certified home inspector before you buy.
Why use an agent?
Selling a home takes more than just putting a "for sale" sign out front. You need an agent with experience and training to help you determine the right price, come up with an effective marketing strategy, and anticipate and solve any problems that come up during the selling process. A real estate professional can help you with every part of selling your home, and offer you a smoother, hassle-free experience.
When you're selling your home, there are a number of advantages to working with an agent:
• He/she knows real estate values in your neighbourhood and will help price your home competitively by preparing a market analysis of homes that have sold, competing homes that are still on the market and homes that were on the market but didn't sell.
• He/she will establish a marketing strategy for your home, ensuring that it's exposed to as many potential buyers as possible.
• He/she takes care of the tasks involved in selling a house, ensuring that the transaction is simple and low- stress for you.
• He/she is an expert in the home selling process and will advise you of your rights, options and obligations.
• He/she is an experienced negotiator and will work for you to get you the best possible price.
Effective marketing for your home
An agent can help you market your home by exposing it to as many potential buyers as possible. The first step is putting it on the MLS. But listing your property is only the beginning; your agent will prepare a personalized plan that includes everything he/she plans to do to sell your property. At Royal LePage, your property will be aggressively promoted through:
• A posting on the Multiple Listing Service (MLS)
• Royal LePage property advertising publications
• The Royal LePage web site
• Other Royal LePage offices and real estate professionals
• Mailings to potential buyers in your area
Pricing your property right
If you price your property too low, it may sell quickly, but you'll lose out on money. If you price it too high, it may not sell at all. Your agent can help you figure out the best asking price for your home.
The benefits of the right price
A well-priced property may generate competing offers, which will drive up the final price. Other real estate professionals will be enthusiastic about presenting your property to their buyers. Your home will sell faster because it is exposed to more qualified buyers.
Listen to the market
As part of your pricing strategy, your agent will put together a comparative market analysis, which is a good indicator of what today's buyers are willing to pay. It compares the market activity of homes similar to yours in your
neighbourhood:
• Homes that have recently sold represent what buyers are willing to pay.
• Homes currently listed for sale represent the price sellers hope to obtain.
• Listings that have expired are generally overpriced or have been poorly marketed.
Don't overprice your home
Some sellers believe that if they price their home high initially, they can lower it later. Instead of making you more money, this strategy could end up hurting you.
• Early activity is key. As soon as a home comes on the market, agents and potential buyers sit up and take notice. If it's overpriced, interested parties will quickly lose interest. By the time the price drops, the majority of buyers are lost. When a home has been for sale too long, buyers will be wary and may reject the property.
• You'll miss the right buyer. You may think that interested buyers can always make an offer, but if your home is overpriced, potential buyers looking in a lower price range will never see it. And those who can afford a home at your asking price will soon recognize that they can get a better value elsewhere.
• You could run out of time. You may end up having to drop your price below market value if your home doesn't sell initially. Price it right the first time, and you won't end up having to sell it for less than it's worth.
Renovating for resale
Renovations don't have to be expensive or extensive to offer you a good rate of return. In fact, a quick coat of paint can go a long way to boosting your selling price. Just make sure your new décor is tasteful, with shades of white and tame versions of popular colours.
The kitchen and bathroom are your best bets for renovation with the highest payback. Take a look at these average rates of return for home upgrades:
• Interior painting and décor - 73%
• Kitchen renovation - 72%
• Bathroom renovation - 68%
• Exterior paint - 65%
• Flooring upgrades - 62%
• Window/door replacement - 57%
• Main floor family room addition - 51%
• Fireplace addition - 50%
• Basement renovation - 49%
• Furnace/heating system replacement - 48%
• New lighting - 84%
As an expert on home sales trends in your neighbourhood, your Royal LePage Sales Professional can suggest which areas of your home could benefit from renovation and increase its value.
What is a pre-approved mortgage?
It's a written commitment from a lender that you will get a mortgage for a set amount at a set interest rate, locked in for 60-120 days, depending on the lender. The commitment is subject to a financial assessment and property appraisal. This service is always free and without obligation.
Why do it?
A pre-approved mortgage gives you an edge. Before you even start house hunting, you'll know how much you can afford, your interest rate, and your monthly payments. With your financing already mapped out, you can concentrate on finding the right home in your price range.
A pre-approved mortgage shows you're a serious buyer. In a situation where several people are bidding on the home you want, you may decide to offer the list price and beat out earlier offers.
To request a pre-approval, call 1-888-562-3284 or apply online.
From offer to closing
When you find the home that's right for you, your next step is to make an offer to purchase the home from the current owner. The owner can accept your offer, make changes to the offer and present you with a counter-offer, or reject the offer.
About the Offer to Purchase
The Offer to Purchase is a legally binding agreement between you and the person selling the house. It's a good idea to have your lawyer review it with you before it is presented to the seller. It includes:
• Your name
• The seller's name
• The address or legal description of the property
• The price you are prepared to pay for the home
• The items you expect to be included in the purchase price
• The amount of your cash deposit
• Your financing arrangements
• The closing date
• Specific terms or conditions that must be met as part of the purchase
• A time limit for meeting these conditions
Discuss the Offer to Purchase with your lawyer before you sign it. Remember, it becomes a legally binding agreement the moment it is accepted. If you decide to cancel an offer that has already been accepted, you could lose your deposit and the person selling the home could sue you for damages. If the seller does not accept your offer, your deposit will be returned.
When your offer is accepted
You're in the home stretch, finalizing the details of your mortgage and closing the purchase of your new home. Now you need to call your mortgage specialist and send them the following info:
• A copy of the real estate listing
• A copy of the accepted Offer to Purchase
• Information on the source of your down payment
• Income verification if you are employed
• A letter from your employer verifying your place of employment and income, or T4s and Notice of Assessment, or T1 General Tax Return and Notice of Assessment
• Income verification if you are self-employed
• 3 years of Financial Statements and 3 years of Notice of Assessments, or 3 years of T1 General Tax Returns and 3 years of Notice of Assessments
Processing the mortgage application
Your mortgage specialist will want to verify the value of the property you are buying, your current financial picture and your credit history, so a property appraisal and credit report will be ordered.
If your down payment is less than 20%, your mortgage is considered "high ratio" and you must pay insurance premiums. You decide whether you want to pay the premium in cash or have your lender add it to your mortgage amount. Your mortgage representative can contact Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) or GE Capital Mortgage Insurance Company of Canada (GEMI) to make the arrangements.
Be prepared to pay fees for the mortgage application, credit report and property appraisal.
Closing the purchase
Closing day is the day you become the official owner of your home. However, the closing process usually takes a few days.
Typically, you visit your lawyer's office to review and sign documents relating to the mortgage, the property you are buying, the ownership of the property and the conditions of the purchase. Your lawyer will also ask you to bring a certified cheque to cover the closing costs and any other outstanding costs.
Once your mortgage and the deed for the property are officially recorded, you become the official owner of the property.
Countdown to a hassle-free move
It's never too soon to start planning. Start doing small stuff a couple of months before you move. If you continue to do a little bit every week, you'll be surprised at how smoothly everything will go when moving day arrives.
Eight weeks before
• Contact your mover to make arrangements.
• Remove items from your attic, basement, storage shed, etc.
• Start to use up frozen foods and cleaning supplies.
• If you're moving to a new city, contact the Chamber of Commerce or tourism bureau in your new community for area info.
Six weeks before
• If you're moving at an employer's request, verify what expenses and responsibilities are theirs and which are yours.
• Contact your accountant to find out if any moving expenses are tax deductible.
• Start an inventory of your stuff. What haven't you used in the last year? What can be sold or donated?
• Make a list of everyone you need to notify about your move: friends, professionals, creditors, magazine subscriptions, etc.
• Make arrangements for storage, if you're planning to store anything.
• Ask schools, doctors, dentists, lawyers and accountants for copies of your personal records. Get referrals.
Four weeks before
• Get a change of address kit from the post office.
• Contact utility and related companies for service disconnect/connect at both your old and new addresses.
• Contact your insurance company to arrange for coverage in your new home.
• Buy packing boxes and pack items that you won't be needing in the next month.
• Have a garage sale or donate unneeded items to charity.
Three weeks before
• Make travel arrangements and reservations.
• Collect important papers (insurance, will, deeds, stock, etc.).
• Arrange to close accounts in your local bank and open accounts in your new city.
Two weeks before
• Have your car checked and serviced for the trip.
• If you're moving out of or into an apartment or condo, contact building management to book an elevator.
• Contact your moving consultant to review and confirm all arrangements for your move.
One week before
• Settle any outstanding bills with local merchants.
• Don't forget to withdraw the contents of your safety deposit box, pick up dry cleaning, return library books and movie rentals, etc.
• Drain gas and oil from power equipment (lawn mowers, snow blowers, etc.)
Two to three days before
• Defrost your freezer and refrigerator. Block doors open so they can't accidentally close on pets or children.
• Have your major appliances disconnected and prepared for the move.
• Pack a box of personal items that you'll need right away at your new home. Load it last or put it in your car.
• Call to confirm the arrival time of the moving van.
Moving day
• Make sure that someone is at home for any inquiries the van operator may have with respect to your shipment.
• Record all utility meter readings (gas, electric, water).
• Read your inventory and bill of lading carefully before you sign them. Keep these in a safe location until all charges have been paid and all claims, if any, have been settled.
Amortization period: The actual number of years it will take to pay back your mortgage loan.
Appraised value: An estimate of the value of the property, conducted for the purpose of mortgage lending by a certified appraiser.
Assumability: Allows the buyer to take over the seller's mortgage on the property.
Closed mortgage: A mortgage that locks you into a specific payment schedule. A penalty usually applies if you repay the loan in full before the end of a closed term.
Condominium fee: A payment among owners, which is allocated to pay expenses.
Conventional mortgage: A mortgage loan issued for up to 75% of the property's appraised value or purchase price, whichever is less.
Down payment: The buyer's cash payment toward the property that is the difference between the purchase price and the amount of the mortgage loan.
Equity: The difference between the home's selling value and the debts against it.
Fixed rate mortgage. Carries a set interest rate for a specific period of time (the term of the mortgage). The regular payment of the principal and interest remains the same throughout the term. The benefit of choosing this option is that you are protected if interest rates rise.
High-ratio mortgage: A mortgage that exceeds 75% of the home's appraised value. These mortgages must be insured for payment.
Interest: This is added to the amount you have borrowed to compensate the lender for the use of their money. Your mortgage is repaid in regular payments which are applied toward the principal and interest.
Interest rate: The value charged by the lender for the use of the lender's money, expressed as a percentage.
Land transfer tax, deed tax or property purchase tax: A fee paid to the municipal and/or provincial government for the transferring of property from seller to buyer.
Maturity date: The end of the term of the loan, at which time you can pay off the mortgage or renew it.
Mortgage: The financial institution or person that lends the money.
Down payment. The portion of the purchase price that you pay initially as a lump sum; the rest is financed by your financial institution. A down payment is generally up to 20% of the purchase price.
Mortgage insurance: Applies to high-ratio mortgages. It protects the lender against loss if the borrower is unable to repay the mortgage.
Mortgage life insurance: Pays off the mortgage if the borrower dies.
Mortgagor: The borrower.
Open mortgage: Allows partial or full payment of the principal at any time, without penalty.
Portability: A mortgage option that enables borrowers to take their current mortgage with them to another property, without penalty.
Pre-approved mortgage: Qualifies you for a mortgage before you start shopping. You know exactly how much you can spend and are free to make a firm offer when you find the right home.
Prepayment privileges: Voluntary payments that are in addition to regular mortgage payments.
Principal: The amount borrowed or still owing on a mortgage loan. Interest is paid on the principal amount.
Refinancing: Paying off the existing mortgage and arranging a new one or renegotiating the terms and conditions of an existing mortgage.
Renewal: Renegotiation of a mortgage loan at the end of a term for a new term.
Second mortgage: Additional financing, which usually has a shorter term and a higher interest rate than the first mortgage.
Term: The length of time the interest rate is fixed. It also indicates when the principal balance becomes due and payable to the lender.
Title: Legal ownership in a property.
Variable rate mortgage: A mortgage with fixed payments that fluctuates with interest rates. The changing interest rate determines how much of the payment goes towards the principal.
Vendor take-back mortgage: When the seller provides some or all of the mortgage financing in order to sell their property.
Signing a Listing Agreement
The first formal step in selling your property is entering into a Listing Agreement with your Royal LePage agent. The Listing Agreement is a contract in which Royal LePage commits to actively market your home for a specified period of time. It also commits you to a pre-established marketing fee that is to be paid upon the successful closing of the sale. As part of the Agreement, your agent may require the following documents:
Plan of Survey or Location Certificate. A survey of your property which outlines the lot size and location of buildings as well as details of encroachments from neighbouring properties. This may be required in certain areas to complete the sale of your home. Your legal professional may recommend a survey, especially if significant changes have been made to your property.
Property tax receipts. Most Listing Agreements require that current annual property tax assessments be shown.
Mortgage verification. Few homeowners know the exact balance of their mortgage as it is paid down. You will be asked to authorize your mortgage lender to provide the figures required.
Deed or title search. This document is a legal description of your property and the proof that you own it.
Other documentation. In some instances, it may help the sale of your property if you can provide prospective buyers with information on such items as annual heating, electrical, and water expenses, as well as any recent home improvement costs. Some provinces require that you sign a property condition disclosure statement.